Extreme Weather
Want to learn all about extreme weather like thunder,
lightning, hurricanes and further? Have a read of our Wiki runner each about
different types of extreme weather.
What's extreme weather?
Thunder crashes, lightning strikes, and giant tornadoes
twisting across the sky are all exemplifications of extreme weather. Important
and frequently having ruinous goods, extreme weather is any rainfall that falls
outside of normal patterns. Extreme weather can beget natural disasters,
similar to earthquakes and hurricanes, which damage structures, and the terrain
and can lead to people losing their lives. There are numerous different types
of extreme weather, which we’ll explore then.
Hurricanes and Tornadoes
Hurricane
A hurricane is a huge storm that forms over the ocean. They
can be nearly 1000 km wide! Both hurricanes and tornadoes are formed by really
important winds and lots of rain. Hurricanes form over warm water in tropical
areas and look like a big swirling cone of wind. The eye of the hurricane is
the area at the centre of the hurricane that looks like a dark fleck from over.
It's an area of substantially calm weather, girdled by strong winds.
Tornadoes
Tornadoes are analogous to hurricanes but they form over
land rather than the ocean. Both hurricanes and tornadoes are destructive
spiralling winds. Hurricanes are larger than tornadoes and can last longer than
tornadoes, but both can begets a lot of damage. Tornadoes are occasionally called
twisters due to their shape.
Tsunamis
A tsunami is a giant surge caused by an earthquake or stormy
eruption under the ocean. As the surge travels towards land it increases in
height. When the water becomes shallower, the surge becomes advanced. Tsunamis
can reach the speed of an aeroplane when travelling over the deep ocean,
decelerating down as they travel over shallow water.
In 2010 there was a strong earthquake that caused a lot of
damage in Haiti a small, tropical country in the Caribbean Sea, just south of
North America. The average height of the swells was three metres. Around
250,000 people failed and 300,000 people were injured. Lots of people around
the world were able to help the people of Haiti with the relief efforts.
Thunderstorms
Strong winds, heavy rain, thunder, lightning and occasionally
hailstones (small gobbets of ice) are all characteristic of thunderstorms. They
appear around the earth every day and most frequently form during warm seasons
in the autumn or evening. This is because thunderstorms form when warm, wettish
air rises into cold air.
Lightning
Lightning is an important spark of electricity that forms in
a thunderstorm. Lightning is dangerous because it's a strong electric current
that hits the earth and can injure or kill people. Further people are killed
and injured by lightning than hurricanes and tornadoes each time.
Lightning is formed by high winds in a storm causing ice and
water patches to impinge into each other, creating an electric charge. There's
a positive charge at the top of the thunderstorm and a negative charge at the
bottom of the thunderstorm. A positive charge builds up on the ground because
contrary charges attract. Also, when the negative charge builds up to a certain
point, it all discharges at formerly as a lightning bolt that strikes the
earth!
Thunder
Thunder is caused by the air around lightning hotting up so
snappily that the air expands veritably fast and makes a shockwave in the air.
This is the loud sound of thunder that you hear! Have you ever wondered why
thunder is so loud? Well, it's because the electric current in lightning is
incredibly massive. A typical lightning flash is 300 Million Volts!
The louder the sound you hear, the closer you're to the
lightning. We can see the lightning before we hear the thunder because light
peregrination is faster than sound. The distance to the lightning can be
measured by counting how many seconds it takes until we hear the thunder.
How do we describe extreme weather?
From looking at one pattern of extreme weather, we can work
out which regions on Earth are likely to witness which different types of
extreme weather. For illustration, we know when it's hurricane season in the
Atlantic Ocean and which countries are likely to be hit by hurricanes by
studying patterns observed over centuries. In this illustration, we know that
hurricane season in the Atlantic is between June 1st and Nov 30th.
Scientific measures of extreme weather patterns help us to
prognosticate when they might happen. Different places in the world experience
different weather patterns and natural marvels than other places. The further
we learn about different rainfall patterns and the early discovery systems that
can help us prognosticate them, the better set we can be to deal with extreme
weather.
What can we do about extreme weather?
We can’t stop extreme weather from passing, but we can
reduce the impact it has. There are lots of different ways that humans have
tried to acclimatize to extreme weather. One illustration is earthquake-evidence
structures that have shock absorbers in the base, strong foundations and sword
frames that can sway when the earth moves. Another illustration is flood tide
walls, which are defences designed to keep water at bay to help an area from
flooding. Floodwalls are concrete structures around a megacity or domestic area
that block water from rising and flowing into structures or down the
thoroughfares.
For some forms of extreme weather, we can take measures to
help cover ourselves. We can go outside when we hear the launch of a rainstorm
and we can stay out of the sun when there's a heatwave. Other forms of extreme
weather bear us to take collaborative action, as a group of people, not just
individualities, to have an impact. This is true for those forms of extreme
weather that involve combating climate change.
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